Contract 0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a

 
 
Txn Hash
Method
Block
From
To
Value [Txn Fee]
0x25c2e88a6ec42485a4447cb27333bd2d73466ef658563aa3c9abda1993459435Approve410344252023-04-01 22:50:147 hrs 33 mins ago0x52432473144056fe91aeae9240ad21e6b8213440 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.002357533475 88.562489672
0xba3c35317fda766523a987e952e38ff9fc81c0c6cc83387c31bd2b6d06683c70Approve403768362023-03-15 14:32:2317 days 15 hrs ago0x98f3a9ca82527470c830525742cd0f2faee3e0fb IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.005625504287 211.516930639
0xf1ba238adbaab4efded81ebce7e5deaebc77e7a5d7138cb751e9a80f6f16cd56Remove_liquidity...398720712023-03-02 7:38:3530 days 22 hrs ago0x541bfa7fc7ea93d85e63f6f8837f43319ed9fd36 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.015872652634 169.711983
0x8cbca4defade1d366b6be311ecc938da8111f290da653cf779b9b1509e84df4aApprove396658362023-02-24 18:40:1036 days 11 hrs ago0x3466454bbf7800e022886327422cc2e119923f4f IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.003744894043 140.679716116
0x6d2cc520b94573008dd168e3db6bddba848615c1953b7e9565995f3c2fcf950dApprove394286142023-02-18 10:58:0642 days 19 hrs ago0xde1d5bd2c0520fbaa844be002a646c657a39f66a IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.01333237484 500.840527424
0x3c354025a5ff2a2356c2bb45e8627920d137f7f8e519780e0f979e8d99e4b69aExchange392154562023-02-12 17:10:0748 days 13 hrs ago0x251b0ea4c7e2d8a816ea675aed1ed237f091d9b2 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.028902057278 230.456872377
0x9d4e75d4a83ab08bebe6942f4255fa8de6d66099b9c2625166ac95367eda5b1fExchange392130752023-02-12 15:40:5448 days 14 hrs ago0x251b0ea4c7e2d8a816ea675aed1ed237f091d9b2 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.044217536328 352.645678442
0xac6bdb601d2205fa5ed29a3723c87124f1b53cd04cf84867690d60b46c1d17e8Exchange392029652023-02-12 9:07:0648 days 21 hrs ago0x251b0ea4c7e2d8a816ea675aed1ed237f091d9b2 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.05095526906 406.380746645
0xca219a895bf37fef778d1eed52b50c7c009f2bc971d5c877d56694b7656f2833Exchange392024282023-02-12 8:41:1948 days 21 hrs ago0x251b0ea4c7e2d8a816ea675aed1ed237f091d9b2 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.027280738737 217.528934533
0xfe9f1238dcfcba915bf0e97f9eb510fd680af08ad7d7f82745c6f689bd2b5b50Exchange391806842023-02-11 17:47:1049 days 12 hrs ago0x251b0ea4c7e2d8a816ea675aed1ed237f091d9b2 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.040710806075 312.765481047
0xb6bbdf961c17f0bcfc273f7f9dd3fb6e3e49ca9d7f0faa8807832229fc619c7bExchange391805682023-02-11 17:42:0349 days 12 hrs ago0x251b0ea4c7e2d8a816ea675aed1ed237f091d9b2 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.027597904144 220.057922241
0xdcddb20360b4e406c93d86de3851bc9db2721d2321f3b47c3ed982a402bf9190Exchange391795182023-02-11 16:59:2149 days 13 hrs ago0x251b0ea4c7e2d8a816ea675aed1ed237f091d9b2 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.032532220739 259.452425587
0xcea1a968bb5f0acd75f206a0b816e60223065752a8035654b5323b8c1f45deceRemove_liquidity...391385602023-02-10 14:52:0650 days 15 hrs ago0x8a08d5efa118bb1ef090f16c246bf38a61d69464 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.039790243112 327.937059483
0x729a1cd66579cfcde1a6e7feae52a3ce6ecf51facb506efc90ae588c1adb00c7Approve390377162023-02-08 0:47:5153 days 5 hrs ago0x0cba2cb79a0e9c50de5356d9289979c4b78b8658 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.005404220643 188.826717115
0xc3d64ed9be4ded87d13040659730b02b9c0fec17b17d8948ce615b8761d57f79Approve390376942023-02-08 0:47:0353 days 5 hrs ago0x0cba2cb79a0e9c50de5356d9289979c4b78b8658 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.005188674463 181.295404053
0x904c9fbf4a60fc8e47045ba8d947d420757af6676d3fe2f90432ff6ac2af1163Remove_liquidity...386527492023-01-29 5:16:5463 days 1 hr ago0x7c6ac6d111c47e14bd9be96ab4b316da1bc0f7da IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.004581137732 48.566043306
0x2b572d33eb0767d031a3d8e067abaf60bad0ea88400f8df2d0a4ed72ac7b2aa9Exchange386302252023-01-28 15:37:2363 days 14 hrs ago0x27d4fcfddf6cf5d691619b2e7e8cdb80976f1954 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.010401094498 82.951275233
0xdddd20f753cba09f0bcbc58876bef2b95663bf0436f0396ed5c339399a09be97Approve384422112023-01-23 20:25:0268 days 9 hrs ago0x57c4e7a9d843550f5227028e4818805bc38afa73 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.00124525849246.7790568
0x003bcc8f3768c5ddcf56f55ab09c9f45f2f4f2524b454f426d20372508c6fe85Approve382493752023-01-18 23:50:5573 days 6 hrs ago todonotumari111.nft  IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.002928093268 109.995990551
0xef5fa1253cd80b5eb1069be29cb9291b57402c9d5a98c9ff378ec7ce9f80eee7Exchange381220272023-01-15 19:50:1176 days 10 hrs ago0x857e0895fd4ed390f6ac6ff18ee01bc8e1f85fe2 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.0070352755
0x72fe396790e1087e3c229fcb0804623d2454867238df4431f4351d27c968717bExchange381217252023-01-15 19:39:4776 days 10 hrs ago0x857e0895fd4ed390f6ac6ff18ee01bc8e1f85fe2 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.00664556453
0x659d7de5e120e2ef4a3a834726beaab021d5f49b4c9d51d44e6ad2d1f1ad468bApprove380780872023-01-14 18:31:4377 days 11 hrs ago0x9680243788d33af307b10f39a65156a1db1152ed IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.001166177901 43.808335893
0x782aca9609efd4866f7eca52732ff671de5d97a722b23178e40b478dbe585157Approve376691052023-01-04 16:40:1987 days 13 hrs ago0x5ede2dd2a80c86a88d4fa77cbbfe32ef50379874 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.002092313243 78.599295411
0x324d5ea43797c4c3b1567166f0af3d9ed3468bd1f5b545ab2c30f46c597b177aRemove_liquidity...375883022023-01-02 16:33:3389 days 13 hrs ago0x1d85a54990910692679653323d0b6e791c836d8d IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.0052456141 47.522368685
0xf8abb1fec194d5dd864df455a1d9bfd5f2285279b93600694cffa4aae096cb3fApprove373864672022-12-28 16:55:3894 days 13 hrs ago0x5119ee15e22b96d8bc019732b2280177700958c5 IN  0xe8dcea7fb2baf7a9f4d9af608f06d78a687f8d9a0 MATIC0.001863470
[ Download CSV Export 
Latest 1 internal transaction
Parent Txn Hash Block From To Value
0x7240f3b0e7a19488f929d044a3b580342f8e3cca9ea5bc955e27a5e558476d50224922112021-12-13 23:35:45474 days 6 hrs ago 0x722272d36ef0da72ff51c5a65db7b870e2e8d4ee  Contract Creation0 MATIC
[ Download CSV Export 
Loading

Minimal Proxy Contract for 0x571ff5b7b346f706aa48d696a9a4a288e9bb4091

Contract Name:
Vyper_contract

Compiler Version
vyper:0.2.15

Optimization Enabled:
N/A

Other Settings:
, None license
Decompile ByteCode

Contract Source Code (Vyper language format)

# @version 0.2.15
"""
@title StableSwap
@author Curve.Fi
@license Copyright (c) Curve.Fi, 2020-2021 - all rights reserved
@notice 2 coin pool implementation with no lending
@dev ERC20 support for return True/revert, return True/False, return None
"""

from vyper.interfaces import ERC20

interface Factory:
    def convert_fees() -> bool: nonpayable
    def get_fee_receiver(_pool: address) -> address: view
    def admin() -> address: view


event Transfer:
    sender: indexed(address)
    receiver: indexed(address)
    value: uint256

event Approval:
    owner: indexed(address)
    spender: indexed(address)
    value: uint256

event TokenExchange:
    buyer: indexed(address)
    sold_id: int128
    tokens_sold: uint256
    bought_id: int128
    tokens_bought: uint256

event AddLiquidity:
    provider: indexed(address)
    token_amounts: uint256[N_COINS]
    fees: uint256[N_COINS]
    invariant: uint256
    token_supply: uint256

event RemoveLiquidity:
    provider: indexed(address)
    token_amounts: uint256[N_COINS]
    fees: uint256[N_COINS]
    token_supply: uint256

event RemoveLiquidityOne:
    provider: indexed(address)
    token_amount: uint256
    coin_amount: uint256
    token_supply: uint256

event RemoveLiquidityImbalance:
    provider: indexed(address)
    token_amounts: uint256[N_COINS]
    fees: uint256[N_COINS]
    invariant: uint256
    token_supply: uint256

event RampA:
    old_A: uint256
    new_A: uint256
    initial_time: uint256
    future_time: uint256

event StopRampA:
    A: uint256
    t: uint256


N_COINS: constant(int128) = 2
PRECISION: constant(uint256) = 10 ** 18

FEE_DENOMINATOR: constant(uint256) = 10 ** 10
ADMIN_FEE: constant(uint256) = 5000000000

A_PRECISION: constant(uint256) = 100
MAX_A: constant(uint256) = 10 ** 6
MAX_A_CHANGE: constant(uint256) = 10
MIN_RAMP_TIME: constant(uint256) = 86400

factory: address

coins: public(address[N_COINS])
balances: public(uint256[N_COINS])
fee: public(uint256)  # fee * 1e10

initial_A: public(uint256)
future_A: public(uint256)
initial_A_time: public(uint256)
future_A_time: public(uint256)

rate_multipliers: uint256[N_COINS]

name: public(String[64])
symbol: public(String[32])

balanceOf: public(HashMap[address, uint256])
allowance: public(HashMap[address, HashMap[address, uint256]])
totalSupply: public(uint256)


@external
def __init__():
    # we do this to prevent the implementation contract from being used as a pool
    self.fee = 31337


@external
def initialize(
    _name: String[32],
    _symbol: String[10],
    _coins: address[4],
    _rate_multipliers: uint256[4],
    _A: uint256,
    _fee: uint256,
):
    """
    @notice Contract constructor
    @param _name Name of the new pool
    @param _symbol Token symbol
    @param _coins List of all ERC20 conract addresses of coins
    @param _rate_multipliers List of number of decimals in coins
    @param _A Amplification coefficient multiplied by n ** (n - 1)
    @param _fee Fee to charge for exchanges
    """
    # check if fee was already set to prevent initializing contract twice
    assert self.fee == 0

    for i in range(N_COINS):
        coin: address = _coins[i]
        if coin == ZERO_ADDRESS:
            break
        self.coins[i] = coin
        self.rate_multipliers[i] = _rate_multipliers[i]

    A: uint256 = _A * A_PRECISION
    self.initial_A = A
    self.future_A = A
    self.fee = _fee
    self.factory = msg.sender

    self.name = concat("Curve.fi Factory Plain Pool: ", _name)
    self.symbol = concat(_symbol, "-f")

    # fire a transfer event so block explorers identify the contract as an ERC20
    log Transfer(ZERO_ADDRESS, self, 0)


### ERC20 Functionality ###

@view
@external
def decimals() -> uint256:
    """
    @notice Get the number of decimals for this token
    @dev Implemented as a view method to reduce gas costs
    @return uint256 decimal places
    """
    return 18


@internal
def _transfer(_from: address, _to: address, _value: uint256):
    # # NOTE: vyper does not allow underflows
    # #       so the following subtraction would revert on insufficient balance
    self.balanceOf[_from] -= _value
    self.balanceOf[_to] += _value

    log Transfer(_from, _to, _value)


@external
def transfer(_to : address, _value : uint256) -> bool:
    """
    @dev Transfer token for a specified address
    @param _to The address to transfer to.
    @param _value The amount to be transferred.
    """
    self._transfer(msg.sender, _to, _value)
    return True


@external
def transferFrom(_from : address, _to : address, _value : uint256) -> bool:
    """
     @dev Transfer tokens from one address to another.
     @param _from address The address which you want to send tokens from
     @param _to address The address which you want to transfer to
     @param _value uint256 the amount of tokens to be transferred
    """
    self._transfer(_from, _to, _value)

    _allowance: uint256 = self.allowance[_from][msg.sender]
    if _allowance != MAX_UINT256:
        self.allowance[_from][msg.sender] = _allowance - _value

    return True


@external
def approve(_spender : address, _value : uint256) -> bool:
    """
    @notice Approve the passed address to transfer the specified amount of
            tokens on behalf of msg.sender
    @dev Beware that changing an allowance via this method brings the risk that
         someone may use both the old and new allowance by unfortunate transaction
         ordering: https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
    @param _spender The address which will transfer the funds
    @param _value The amount of tokens that may be transferred
    @return bool success
    """
    self.allowance[msg.sender][_spender] = _value

    log Approval(msg.sender, _spender, _value)
    return True


### StableSwap Functionality ###

@view
@external
def get_balances() -> uint256[N_COINS]:
    return self.balances


@view
@internal
def _A() -> uint256:
    """
    Handle ramping A up or down
    """
    t1: uint256 = self.future_A_time
    A1: uint256 = self.future_A

    if block.timestamp < t1:
        A0: uint256 = self.initial_A
        t0: uint256 = self.initial_A_time
        # Expressions in uint256 cannot have negative numbers, thus "if"
        if A1 > A0:
            return A0 + (A1 - A0) * (block.timestamp - t0) / (t1 - t0)
        else:
            return A0 - (A0 - A1) * (block.timestamp - t0) / (t1 - t0)

    else:  # when t1 == 0 or block.timestamp >= t1
        return A1


@view
@external
def admin_fee() -> uint256:
    return ADMIN_FEE


@view
@external
def A() -> uint256:
    return self._A() / A_PRECISION


@view
@external
def A_precise() -> uint256:
    return self._A()


@pure
@internal
def _xp_mem(_rates: uint256[N_COINS], _balances: uint256[N_COINS]) -> uint256[N_COINS]:
    result: uint256[N_COINS] = empty(uint256[N_COINS])
    for i in range(N_COINS):
        result[i] = _rates[i] * _balances[i] / PRECISION
    return result


@pure
@internal
def get_D(_xp: uint256[N_COINS], _amp: uint256) -> uint256:
    """
    D invariant calculation in non-overflowing integer operations
    iteratively

    A * sum(x_i) * n**n + D = A * D * n**n + D**(n+1) / (n**n * prod(x_i))

    Converging solution:
    D[j+1] = (A * n**n * sum(x_i) - D[j]**(n+1) / (n**n prod(x_i))) / (A * n**n - 1)
    """
    S: uint256 = 0
    for x in _xp:
        S += x
    if S == 0:
        return 0

    D: uint256 = S
    Ann: uint256 = _amp * N_COINS
    for i in range(255):
        D_P: uint256 = D * D / _xp[0] * D / _xp[1] / (N_COINS)**2
        Dprev: uint256 = D
        D = (Ann * S / A_PRECISION + D_P * N_COINS) * D / ((Ann - A_PRECISION) * D / A_PRECISION + (N_COINS + 1) * D_P)
        # Equality with the precision of 1
        if D > Dprev:
            if D - Dprev <= 1:
                return D
        else:
            if Dprev - D <= 1:
                return D
    # convergence typically occurs in 4 rounds or less, this should be unreachable!
    # if it does happen the pool is borked and LPs can withdraw via `remove_liquidity`
    raise


@view
@internal
def get_D_mem(_rates: uint256[N_COINS], _balances: uint256[N_COINS], _amp: uint256) -> uint256:
    xp: uint256[N_COINS] = self._xp_mem(_rates, _balances)
    return self.get_D(xp, _amp)


@view
@external
def get_virtual_price() -> uint256:
    """
    @notice The current virtual price of the pool LP token
    @dev Useful for calculating profits
    @return LP token virtual price normalized to 1e18
    """
    amp: uint256 = self._A()
    xp: uint256[N_COINS] = self._xp_mem(self.rate_multipliers, self.balances)
    D: uint256 = self.get_D(xp, amp)
    # D is in the units similar to DAI (e.g. converted to precision 1e18)
    # When balanced, D = n * x_u - total virtual value of the portfolio
    return D * PRECISION / self.totalSupply


@view
@external
def calc_token_amount(_amounts: uint256[N_COINS], _is_deposit: bool) -> uint256:
    """
    @notice Calculate addition or reduction in token supply from a deposit or withdrawal
    @dev This calculation accounts for slippage, but not fees.
         Needed to prevent front-running, not for precise calculations!
    @param _amounts Amount of each coin being deposited
    @param _is_deposit set True for deposits, False for withdrawals
    @return Expected amount of LP tokens received
    """
    amp: uint256 = self._A()
    balances: uint256[N_COINS] = self.balances

    D0: uint256 = self.get_D_mem(self.rate_multipliers, balances, amp)
    for i in range(N_COINS):
        amount: uint256 = _amounts[i]
        if _is_deposit:
            balances[i] += amount
        else:
            balances[i] -= amount
    D1: uint256 = self.get_D_mem(self.rate_multipliers, balances, amp)
    diff: uint256 = 0
    if _is_deposit:
        diff = D1 - D0
    else:
        diff = D0 - D1
    return diff * self.totalSupply / D0


@external
@nonreentrant('lock')
def add_liquidity(
    _amounts: uint256[N_COINS],
    _min_mint_amount: uint256,
    _receiver: address = msg.sender
) -> uint256:
    """
    @notice Deposit coins into the pool
    @param _amounts List of amounts of coins to deposit
    @param _min_mint_amount Minimum amount of LP tokens to mint from the deposit
    @param _receiver Address that owns the minted LP tokens
    @return Amount of LP tokens received by depositing
    """
    amp: uint256 = self._A()
    old_balances: uint256[N_COINS] = self.balances
    rates: uint256[N_COINS] = self.rate_multipliers

    # Initial invariant
    D0: uint256 = self.get_D_mem(rates, old_balances, amp)

    total_supply: uint256 = self.totalSupply
    new_balances: uint256[N_COINS] = old_balances
    for i in range(N_COINS):
        amount: uint256 = _amounts[i]
        if amount > 0:
            response: Bytes[32] = raw_call(
                self.coins[i],
                concat(
                    method_id("transferFrom(address,address,uint256)"),
                    convert(msg.sender, bytes32),
                    convert(self, bytes32),
                    convert(amount, bytes32),
                ),
                max_outsize=32,
            )
            if len(response) > 0:
                assert convert(response, bool)  # dev: failed transfer
            new_balances[i] += amount
            # end "safeTransferFrom"
        else:
            assert total_supply != 0  # dev: initial deposit requires all coins

    # Invariant after change
    D1: uint256 = self.get_D_mem(rates, new_balances, amp)
    assert D1 > D0

    # We need to recalculate the invariant accounting for fees
    # to calculate fair user's share
    fees: uint256[N_COINS] = empty(uint256[N_COINS])
    mint_amount: uint256 = 0
    if total_supply > 0:
        # Only account for fees if we are not the first to deposit
        base_fee: uint256 = self.fee * N_COINS / (4 * (N_COINS - 1))
        for i in range(N_COINS):
            ideal_balance: uint256 = D1 * old_balances[i] / D0
            difference: uint256 = 0
            new_balance: uint256 = new_balances[i]
            if ideal_balance > new_balance:
                difference = ideal_balance - new_balance
            else:
                difference = new_balance - ideal_balance
            fees[i] = base_fee * difference / FEE_DENOMINATOR
            self.balances[i] = new_balance - (fees[i] * ADMIN_FEE / FEE_DENOMINATOR)
            new_balances[i] -= fees[i]
        D2: uint256 = self.get_D_mem(rates, new_balances, amp)
        mint_amount = total_supply * (D2 - D0) / D0
    else:
        self.balances = new_balances
        mint_amount = D1  # Take the dust if there was any

    assert mint_amount >= _min_mint_amount, "Slippage screwed you"

    # Mint pool tokens
    total_supply += mint_amount
    self.balanceOf[_receiver] += mint_amount
    self.totalSupply = total_supply
    log Transfer(ZERO_ADDRESS, _receiver, mint_amount)

    log AddLiquidity(msg.sender, _amounts, fees, D1, total_supply)

    return mint_amount


@view
@internal
def get_y(i: int128, j: int128, x: uint256, xp: uint256[N_COINS]) -> uint256:
    """
    Calculate x[j] if one makes x[i] = x

    Done by solving quadratic equation iteratively.
    x_1**2 + x_1 * (sum' - (A*n**n - 1) * D / (A * n**n)) = D ** (n + 1) / (n ** (2 * n) * prod' * A)
    x_1**2 + b*x_1 = c

    x_1 = (x_1**2 + c) / (2*x_1 + b)
    """
    # x in the input is converted to the same price/precision

    assert i != j       # dev: same coin
    assert j >= 0       # dev: j below zero
    assert j < N_COINS  # dev: j above N_COINS

    # should be unreachable, but good for safety
    assert i >= 0
    assert i < N_COINS

    amp: uint256 = self._A()
    D: uint256 = self.get_D(xp, amp)
    S_: uint256 = 0
    _x: uint256 = 0
    y_prev: uint256 = 0
    c: uint256 = D
    Ann: uint256 = amp * N_COINS

    for _i in range(N_COINS):
        if _i == i:
            _x = x
        elif _i != j:
            _x = xp[_i]
        else:
            continue
        S_ += _x
        c = c * D / (_x * N_COINS)

    c = c * D * A_PRECISION / (Ann * N_COINS)
    b: uint256 = S_ + D * A_PRECISION / Ann  # - D
    y: uint256 = D

    for _i in range(255):
        y_prev = y
        y = (y*y + c) / (2 * y + b - D)
        # Equality with the precision of 1
        if y > y_prev:
            if y - y_prev <= 1:
                return y
        else:
            if y_prev - y <= 1:
                return y
    raise


@view
@external
def get_dy(i: int128, j: int128, dx: uint256) -> uint256:
    """
    @notice Calculate the current output dy given input dx
    @dev Index values can be found via the `coins` public getter method
    @param i Index value for the coin to send
    @param j Index valie of the coin to recieve
    @param dx Amount of `i` being exchanged
    @return Amount of `j` predicted
    """
    rates: uint256[N_COINS] = self.rate_multipliers
    xp: uint256[N_COINS] = self._xp_mem(rates, self.balances)

    x: uint256 = xp[i] + (dx * rates[i] / PRECISION)
    y: uint256 = self.get_y(i, j, x, xp)
    dy: uint256 = xp[j] - y - 1
    fee: uint256 = self.fee * dy / FEE_DENOMINATOR
    return (dy - fee) * PRECISION / rates[j]


@external
@nonreentrant('lock')
def exchange(
    i: int128,
    j: int128,
    _dx: uint256,
    _min_dy: uint256,
    _receiver: address = msg.sender,
) -> uint256:
    """
    @notice Perform an exchange between two coins
    @dev Index values can be found via the `coins` public getter method
    @param i Index value for the coin to send
    @param j Index valie of the coin to recieve
    @param _dx Amount of `i` being exchanged
    @param _min_dy Minimum amount of `j` to receive
    @return Actual amount of `j` received
    """
    rates: uint256[N_COINS] = self.rate_multipliers
    old_balances: uint256[N_COINS] = self.balances
    xp: uint256[N_COINS] = self._xp_mem(rates, old_balances)

    x: uint256 = xp[i] + _dx * rates[i] / PRECISION
    y: uint256 = self.get_y(i, j, x, xp)

    dy: uint256 = xp[j] - y - 1  # -1 just in case there were some rounding errors
    dy_fee: uint256 = dy * self.fee / FEE_DENOMINATOR

    # Convert all to real units
    dy = (dy - dy_fee) * PRECISION / rates[j]
    assert dy >= _min_dy, "Exchange resulted in fewer coins than expected"

    dy_admin_fee: uint256 = dy_fee * ADMIN_FEE / FEE_DENOMINATOR
    dy_admin_fee = dy_admin_fee * PRECISION / rates[j]

    # Change balances exactly in same way as we change actual ERC20 coin amounts
    self.balances[i] = old_balances[i] + _dx
    # When rounding errors happen, we undercharge admin fee in favor of LP
    self.balances[j] = old_balances[j] - dy - dy_admin_fee

    response: Bytes[32] = raw_call(
        self.coins[i],
        concat(
            method_id("transferFrom(address,address,uint256)"),
            convert(msg.sender, bytes32),
            convert(self, bytes32),
            convert(_dx, bytes32),
        ),
        max_outsize=32,
    )
    if len(response) > 0:
        assert convert(response, bool)

    response = raw_call(
        self.coins[j],
        concat(
            method_id("transfer(address,uint256)"),
            convert(_receiver, bytes32),
            convert(dy, bytes32),
        ),
        max_outsize=32,
    )
    if len(response) > 0:
        assert convert(response, bool)

    log TokenExchange(msg.sender, i, _dx, j, dy)

    return dy


@external
@nonreentrant('lock')
def remove_liquidity(
    _burn_amount: uint256,
    _min_amounts: uint256[N_COINS],
    _receiver: address = msg.sender
) -> uint256[N_COINS]:
    """
    @notice Withdraw coins from the pool
    @dev Withdrawal amounts are based on current deposit ratios
    @param _burn_amount Quantity of LP tokens to burn in the withdrawal
    @param _min_amounts Minimum amounts of underlying coins to receive
    @param _receiver Address that receives the withdrawn coins
    @return List of amounts of coins that were withdrawn
    """
    total_supply: uint256 = self.totalSupply
    amounts: uint256[N_COINS] = empty(uint256[N_COINS])

    for i in range(N_COINS):
        old_balance: uint256 = self.balances[i]
        value: uint256 = old_balance * _burn_amount / total_supply
        assert value >= _min_amounts[i], "Withdrawal resulted in fewer coins than expected"
        self.balances[i] = old_balance - value
        amounts[i] = value

        response: Bytes[32] = raw_call(
            self.coins[i],
            concat(
                method_id("transfer(address,uint256)"),
                convert(_receiver, bytes32),
                convert(value, bytes32),
            ),
            max_outsize=32,
        )
        if len(response) > 0:
            assert convert(response, bool)

    total_supply -= _burn_amount
    self.balanceOf[msg.sender] -= _burn_amount
    self.totalSupply = total_supply
    log Transfer(msg.sender, ZERO_ADDRESS, _burn_amount)

    log RemoveLiquidity(msg.sender, amounts, empty(uint256[N_COINS]), total_supply)

    return amounts


@external
@nonreentrant('lock')
def remove_liquidity_imbalance(
    _amounts: uint256[N_COINS],
    _max_burn_amount: uint256,
    _receiver: address = msg.sender
) -> uint256:
    """
    @notice Withdraw coins from the pool in an imbalanced amount
    @param _amounts List of amounts of underlying coins to withdraw
    @param _max_burn_amount Maximum amount of LP token to burn in the withdrawal
    @param _receiver Address that receives the withdrawn coins
    @return Actual amount of the LP token burned in the withdrawal
    """
    amp: uint256 = self._A()
    rates: uint256[N_COINS] = self.rate_multipliers
    old_balances: uint256[N_COINS] = self.balances
    D0: uint256 = self.get_D_mem(rates, old_balances, amp)

    new_balances: uint256[N_COINS] = old_balances
    for i in range(N_COINS):
        amount: uint256 = _amounts[i]
        if amount != 0:
            new_balances[i] -= amount
            response: Bytes[32] = raw_call(
                self.coins[i],
                concat(
                    method_id("transfer(address,uint256)"),
                    convert(_receiver, bytes32),
                    convert(amount, bytes32),
                ),
                max_outsize=32,
            )
            if len(response) > 0:
                assert convert(response, bool)
    D1: uint256 = self.get_D_mem(rates, new_balances, amp)

    fees: uint256[N_COINS] = empty(uint256[N_COINS])
    base_fee: uint256 = self.fee * N_COINS / (4 * (N_COINS - 1))
    for i in range(N_COINS):
        ideal_balance: uint256 = D1 * old_balances[i] / D0
        difference: uint256 = 0
        new_balance: uint256 = new_balances[i]
        if ideal_balance > new_balance:
            difference = ideal_balance - new_balance
        else:
            difference = new_balance - ideal_balance
        fees[i] = base_fee * difference / FEE_DENOMINATOR
        self.balances[i] = new_balance - (fees[i] * ADMIN_FEE / FEE_DENOMINATOR)
        new_balances[i] -= fees[i]
    D2: uint256 = self.get_D_mem(rates, new_balances, amp)

    total_supply: uint256 = self.totalSupply
    burn_amount: uint256 = ((D0 - D2) * total_supply / D0) + 1
    assert burn_amount > 1  # dev: zero tokens burned
    assert burn_amount <= _max_burn_amount, "Slippage screwed you"

    total_supply -= burn_amount
    self.totalSupply = total_supply
    self.balanceOf[msg.sender] -= burn_amount
    log Transfer(msg.sender, ZERO_ADDRESS, burn_amount)
    log RemoveLiquidityImbalance(msg.sender, _amounts, fees, D1, total_supply)

    return burn_amount


@pure
@internal
def get_y_D(A: uint256, i: int128, xp: uint256[N_COINS], D: uint256) -> uint256:
    """
    Calculate x[i] if one reduces D from being calculated for xp to D

    Done by solving quadratic equation iteratively.
    x_1**2 + x_1 * (sum' - (A*n**n - 1) * D / (A * n**n)) = D ** (n + 1) / (n ** (2 * n) * prod' * A)
    x_1**2 + b*x_1 = c

    x_1 = (x_1**2 + c) / (2*x_1 + b)
    """
    # x in the input is converted to the same price/precision

    assert i >= 0  # dev: i below zero
    assert i < N_COINS  # dev: i above N_COINS

    S_: uint256 = 0
    _x: uint256 = 0
    y_prev: uint256 = 0
    c: uint256 = D
    Ann: uint256 = A * N_COINS

    for _i in range(N_COINS):
        if _i != i:
            _x = xp[_i]
        else:
            continue
        S_ += _x
        c = c * D / (_x * N_COINS)

    c = c * D * A_PRECISION / (Ann * N_COINS)
    b: uint256 = S_ + D * A_PRECISION / Ann
    y: uint256 = D

    for _i in range(255):
        y_prev = y
        y = (y*y + c) / (2 * y + b - D)
        # Equality with the precision of 1
        if y > y_prev:
            if y - y_prev <= 1:
                return y
        else:
            if y_prev - y <= 1:
                return y
    raise


@view
@internal
def _calc_withdraw_one_coin(_burn_amount: uint256, i: int128) -> uint256[2]:
    # First, need to calculate
    # * Get current D
    # * Solve Eqn against y_i for D - _token_amount
    amp: uint256 = self._A()
    rates: uint256[N_COINS] = self.rate_multipliers
    xp: uint256[N_COINS] = self._xp_mem(rates, self.balances)
    D0: uint256 = self.get_D(xp, amp)

    total_supply: uint256 = self.totalSupply
    D1: uint256 = D0 - _burn_amount * D0 / total_supply
    new_y: uint256 = self.get_y_D(amp, i, xp, D1)

    base_fee: uint256 = self.fee * N_COINS / (4 * (N_COINS - 1))
    xp_reduced: uint256[N_COINS] = empty(uint256[N_COINS])

    for j in range(N_COINS):
        dx_expected: uint256 = 0
        xp_j: uint256 = xp[j]
        if j == i:
            dx_expected = xp_j * D1 / D0 - new_y
        else:
            dx_expected = xp_j - xp_j * D1 / D0
        xp_reduced[j] = xp_j - base_fee * dx_expected / FEE_DENOMINATOR

    dy: uint256 = xp_reduced[i] - self.get_y_D(amp, i, xp_reduced, D1)
    dy_0: uint256 = (xp[i] - new_y) * PRECISION / rates[i]  # w/o fees
    dy = (dy - 1) * PRECISION / rates[i]  # Withdraw less to account for rounding errors

    return [dy, dy_0 - dy]


@view
@external
def calc_withdraw_one_coin(_burn_amount: uint256, i: int128) -> uint256:
    """
    @notice Calculate the amount received when withdrawing a single coin
    @param _burn_amount Amount of LP tokens to burn in the withdrawal
    @param i Index value of the coin to withdraw
    @return Amount of coin received
    """
    return self._calc_withdraw_one_coin(_burn_amount, i)[0]


@external
@nonreentrant('lock')
def remove_liquidity_one_coin(
    _burn_amount: uint256,
    i: int128,
    _min_received: uint256,
    _receiver: address = msg.sender,
) -> uint256:
    """
    @notice Withdraw a single coin from the pool
    @param _burn_amount Amount of LP tokens to burn in the withdrawal
    @param i Index value of the coin to withdraw
    @param _min_received Minimum amount of coin to receive
    @param _receiver Address that receives the withdrawn coins
    @return Amount of coin received
    """
    dy: uint256[2] = self._calc_withdraw_one_coin(_burn_amount, i)
    assert dy[0] >= _min_received, "Not enough coins removed"

    self.balances[i] -= (dy[0] + dy[1] * ADMIN_FEE / FEE_DENOMINATOR)
    total_supply: uint256 = self.totalSupply - _burn_amount
    self.totalSupply = total_supply
    self.balanceOf[msg.sender] -= _burn_amount
    log Transfer(msg.sender, ZERO_ADDRESS, _burn_amount)

    response: Bytes[32] = raw_call(
        self.coins[i],
        concat(
            method_id("transfer(address,uint256)"),
            convert(_receiver, bytes32),
            convert(dy[0], bytes32),
        ),
        max_outsize=32,
    )
    if len(response) > 0:
        assert convert(response, bool)

    log RemoveLiquidityOne(msg.sender, _burn_amount, dy[0], total_supply)

    return dy[0]


@external
def ramp_A(_future_A: uint256, _future_time: uint256):
    assert msg.sender == Factory(self.factory).admin()  # dev: only owner
    assert block.timestamp >= self.initial_A_time + MIN_RAMP_TIME
    assert _future_time >= block.timestamp + MIN_RAMP_TIME  # dev: insufficient time

    _initial_A: uint256 = self._A()
    _future_A_p: uint256 = _future_A * A_PRECISION

    assert _future_A > 0 and _future_A < MAX_A
    if _future_A_p < _initial_A:
        assert _future_A_p * MAX_A_CHANGE >= _initial_A
    else:
        assert _future_A_p <= _initial_A * MAX_A_CHANGE

    self.initial_A = _initial_A
    self.future_A = _future_A_p
    self.initial_A_time = block.timestamp
    self.future_A_time = _future_time

    log RampA(_initial_A, _future_A_p, block.timestamp, _future_time)


@external
def stop_ramp_A():
    assert msg.sender == Factory(self.factory).admin()  # dev: only owner

    current_A: uint256 = self._A()
    self.initial_A = current_A
    self.future_A = current_A
    self.initial_A_time = block.timestamp
    self.future_A_time = block.timestamp
    # now (block.timestamp < t1) is always False, so we return saved A

    log StopRampA(current_A, block.timestamp)


@view
@external
def admin_balances(i: uint256) -> uint256:
    return ERC20(self.coins[i]).balanceOf(self) - self.balances[i]


@external
def withdraw_admin_fees():
    receiver: address = Factory(self.factory).get_fee_receiver(self)

    for i in range(N_COINS):
        coin: address = self.coins[i]
        fees: uint256 = ERC20(coin).balanceOf(self) - self.balances[i]
        raw_call(
            coin,
            concat(
                method_id("transfer(address,uint256)"),
                convert(receiver, bytes32),
                convert(fees, bytes32)
            )
        )

Contract ABI

[{"name":"Transfer","inputs":[{"name":"sender","type":"address","indexed":true},{"name":"receiver","type":"address","indexed":true},{"name":"value","type":"uint256","indexed":false}],"anonymous":false,"type":"event"},{"name":"Approval","inputs":[{"name":"owner","type":"address","indexed":true},{"name":"spender","type":"address","indexed":true},{"name":"value","type":"uint256","indexed":false}],"anonymous":false,"type":"event"},{"name":"TokenExchange","inputs":[{"name":"buyer","type":"address","indexed":true},{"name":"sold_id","type":"int128","indexed":false},{"name":"tokens_sold","type":"uint256","indexed":false},{"name":"bought_id","type":"int128","indexed":false},{"name":"tokens_bought","type":"uint256","indexed":false}],"anonymous":false,"type":"event"},{"name":"AddLiquidity","inputs":[{"name":"provider","type":"address","indexed":true},{"name":"token_amounts","type":"uint256[2]","indexed":false},{"name":"fees","type":"uint256[2]","indexed":false},{"name":"invariant","type":"uint256","indexed":false},{"name":"token_supply","type":"uint256","indexed":false}],"anonymous":false,"type":"event"},{"name":"RemoveLiquidity","inputs":[{"name":"provider","type":"address","indexed":true},{"name":"token_amounts","type":"uint256[2]","indexed":false},{"name":"fees","type":"uint256[2]","indexed":false},{"name":"token_supply","type":"uint256","indexed":false}],"anonymous":false,"type":"event"},{"name":"RemoveLiquidityOne","inputs":[{"name":"provider","type":"address","indexed":true},{"name":"token_amount","type":"uint256","indexed":false},{"name":"coin_amount","type":"uint256","indexed":false},{"name":"token_supply","type":"uint256","indexed":false}],"anonymous":false,"type":"event"},{"name":"RemoveLiquidityImbalance","inputs":[{"name":"provider","type":"address","indexed":true},{"name":"token_amounts","type":"uint256[2]","indexed":false},{"name":"fees","type":"uint256[2]","indexed":false},{"name":"invariant","type":"uint256","indexed":false},{"name":"token_supply","type":"uint256","indexed":false}],"anonymous":false,"type":"event"},{"name":"RampA","inputs":[{"name":"old_A","type":"uint256","indexed":false},{"name":"new_A","type":"uint256","indexed":false},{"name":"initial_time","type":"uint256","indexed":false},{"name":"future_time","type":"uint256","indexed":false}],"anonymous":false,"type":"event"},{"name":"StopRampA","inputs":[{"name":"A","type":"uint256","indexed":false},{"name":"t","type":"uint256","indexed":false}],"anonymous":false,"type":"event"},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor","inputs":[],"outputs":[]},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"initialize","inputs":[{"name":"_name","type":"string"},{"name":"_symbol","type":"string"},{"name":"_coins","type":"address[4]"},{"name":"_rate_multipliers","type":"uint256[4]"},{"name":"_A","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_fee","type":"uint256"}],"outputs":[],"gas":471502},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"decimals","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":318},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"transfer","inputs":[{"name":"_to","type":"address"},{"name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"bool"}],"gas":77977},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"transferFrom","inputs":[{"name":"_from","type":"address"},{"name":"_to","type":"address"},{"name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"bool"}],"gas":115912},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"approve","inputs":[{"name":"_spender","type":"address"},{"name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"bool"}],"gas":37851},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"get_balances","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256[2]"}],"gas":4707},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"admin_fee","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":468},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"A","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":10764},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"A_precise","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":10726},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"get_virtual_price","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":848656},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"calc_token_amount","inputs":[{"name":"_amounts","type":"uint256[2]"},{"name":"_is_deposit","type":"bool"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":3336308},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"add_liquidity","inputs":[{"name":"_amounts","type":"uint256[2]"},{"name":"_min_mint_amount","type":"uint256"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}]},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"add_liquidity","inputs":[{"name":"_amounts","type":"uint256[2]"},{"name":"_min_mint_amount","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_receiver","type":"address"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}]},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"get_dy","inputs":[{"name":"i","type":"int128"},{"name":"j","type":"int128"},{"name":"dx","type":"uint256"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":2117591},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"exchange","inputs":[{"name":"i","type":"int128"},{"name":"j","type":"int128"},{"name":"_dx","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_min_dy","type":"uint256"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}]},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"exchange","inputs":[{"name":"i","type":"int128"},{"name":"j","type":"int128"},{"name":"_dx","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_min_dy","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_receiver","type":"address"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}]},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"remove_liquidity","inputs":[{"name":"_burn_amount","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_min_amounts","type":"uint256[2]"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256[2]"}]},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"remove_liquidity","inputs":[{"name":"_burn_amount","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_min_amounts","type":"uint256[2]"},{"name":"_receiver","type":"address"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256[2]"}]},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"remove_liquidity_imbalance","inputs":[{"name":"_amounts","type":"uint256[2]"},{"name":"_max_burn_amount","type":"uint256"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}]},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"remove_liquidity_imbalance","inputs":[{"name":"_amounts","type":"uint256[2]"},{"name":"_max_burn_amount","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_receiver","type":"address"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}]},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"calc_withdraw_one_coin","inputs":[{"name":"_burn_amount","type":"uint256"},{"name":"i","type":"int128"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":1100},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"remove_liquidity_one_coin","inputs":[{"name":"_burn_amount","type":"uint256"},{"name":"i","type":"int128"},{"name":"_min_received","type":"uint256"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}]},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"remove_liquidity_one_coin","inputs":[{"name":"_burn_amount","type":"uint256"},{"name":"i","type":"int128"},{"name":"_min_received","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_receiver","type":"address"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}]},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"ramp_A","inputs":[{"name":"_future_A","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_future_time","type":"uint256"}],"outputs":[],"gas":162101},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"stop_ramp_A","inputs":[],"outputs":[],"gas":157565},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"admin_balances","inputs":[{"name":"i","type":"uint256"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":7740},{"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function","name":"withdraw_admin_fees","inputs":[],"outputs":[],"gas":33182},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"coins","inputs":[{"name":"arg0","type":"uint256"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"gas":3093},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"balances","inputs":[{"name":"arg0","type":"uint256"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":3123},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"fee","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":3108},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"initial_A","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":3138},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"future_A","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":3168},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"initial_A_time","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":3198},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"future_A_time","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":3228},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"name","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"}],"gas":13488},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"symbol","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"}],"gas":11241},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"balanceOf","inputs":[{"name":"arg0","type":"address"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":3533},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"allowance","inputs":[{"name":"arg0","type":"address"},{"name":"arg1","type":"address"}],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":3778},{"stateMutability":"view","type":"function","name":"totalSupply","inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"gas":3378}]

Block Transaction Gas Used Reward
Age Block Fee Address BC Fee Address Voting Power Jailed Incoming
Block Uncle Number Difficulty Gas Used Reward
Loading
Loading
Make sure to use the "Vote Down" button for any spammy posts, and the "Vote Up" for interesting conversations.